In colorectal surgery, stomas of the large intestine are often created on the abdominal wall in various locations.
They may be performed electively or as emergency procedures.
The most common indications for colostomy formation include:
• Colorectal malignancy
• Diverticulitis
• Abdominal trauma involving penetrating injuries
• Rectal endometriosis (less common)
In planned operations, a colostomy may be created as part of a laparoscopic colectomy.
Colostomies may be permanent or temporary.
Permanent Colostomies
Remain lifelong and are performed following the decision of the responsible surgeon.
Temporary Colostomies
Remain in place for a short therapeutic interval (1–3 months) and are performed following the surgeon’s decision.
Colostomy Closure (Reversal)
Closure (or reversal) of a colostomy may be performed:
• via open surgery, or
• laparoscopically (associated with reduced patient burden and generally better patient acceptance).
The procedure is carried out under general anaesthesia.
Good stoma care during the period the colostomy is in place contributes to an improved postoperative appearance of the surgical site.
Hospital stay is typically 3–4 days.
Reversal of the colostomy often provides significant psychological uplift for patients.
